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Establishing distinctive theories and methods of design science rooted in Chinese traditional culture

Huijun ZOU, Qinghua LIANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第3期页码 430-437 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0583-5

摘要： The human social development saw the formation of five unique civilizations, with the latter forming their own distinctive cultures. China’s traditional culture is its most fundamental ideological weapon for solving problems. The Chinese are good at comprehensive thinking, dialectical thinking, and systematic analysis. These ideological weapons can solve the problems of formal science and technology and create scientific and technological achievements on par with global advanced scale. Ancient China is filled with original scientific and technological achievements, which strongly prove ancient China’s possession of its own science and technology different from that of Western Renaissance. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of science, technology, experience, and intuition is necessary. The long-held superstition regarding the West, the lack of confidence, self-denial, blind imitation of ideas, and shackles must be thrown away. Only then can we take the road toward an authentic Chinese creative design as we learn from others.

关键词： traditional Chinese culture comprehensive thinking systematic analysis Needham’s Grand Question ancient Chinese scientific and technological achievements design driving innovation design theoretical thinking design dialectical methods

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Trends and driving forces of low-carbon energy technology innovation in China’s industrial sectors from

Xi ZHANG, Yong GENG, Yen Wah TONG, Harn Wei KUA, Huijuan DONG, Hengyu PAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 473-486 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0738-z

摘要： Low-carbon energy technology (LC) innovation contributes to both environmental protection and economic development. Using the panel data of 30 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities in China from 1998 to 2017, this paper constructs a two-layer logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) model to uncover the factors influencing the variation of the innovation of LC in China’s industrial sectors, including the alternative energy production technology (AEPT) and the energy conversation technology (ECT). The results show that China’s industrial LC patent applications rapidly increased after 2005 and AEPT patent applications outweighed ECT patent applications all the time with a gradually narrowing gap. Low-carbon degree played the dominant role in promoting the increase in China’s industrial LC patent applications, followed by the economic scale, R&D (research and development) efficiency, and R&D share. Economic structure contributed to the increases in LC patent applications in the central and the western regions, while led to the decreases in the eastern region, the north-eastern region, and Chinese mainland . Low-carbon degree and economic scale were two main contributors to the growths of both industrial AEPT patent applications and ECT patent applications in Chinese mainland and the four regions. Several policy recommendations are made to further promote industrial innovation in China.

关键词： low-carbon energy technology (LC) logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) industrial sector regional disparity China

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Recent development on innovation design of reconfigurable mechanisms in China

Wuxiang ZHANG, Shengnan LU, Xilun DING

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第1期页码 15-20 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0517-7

摘要： Reconfigurable mechanisms can deliberately reconfigure themselves by rearranging the connectivity of components to meet the different requirements of tasks. Metamorphic and origami-derived mechanisms are two kinds of typical reconfigurable mechanisms, which have attracted increasing attention in the field of mechanisms since they were proposed. Improving the independent design level, innovation, and international competitive powers of reconfigurable mechanical products is important. Summarizing related significant innovation research and application achievements periodically will shed light on research directions and promote academic exchanges. This paper presents an overview of recent developments in innovation design of reconfigurable mechanisms in China, including metamorphic and origami mechanisms and their typical applications. The future development trends are analyzed and forecasted.

关键词： innovation design reconfigurable mechanisms metamorphic mechanisms origami-derived mechanisms development trends

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中国高铁的自主创新

中华人民共和国科学技术部

《工程（英文）》 2015年第1卷第1期页码 9-10 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015023

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A hybrid method for product low-end disruptive innovation

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0690-6

摘要： Product innovation is often a process for improving existing products. Low-end disruptive innovation (LDI) enables a product to meet the most price-sensitive customers in the low-end market. The existing LDI methods are mainly based on unnecessary characteristics of disruptive innovations. Thus, they cannot easily identify and respond to the LDI design needs. This study proposes a hybrid method for the product LDI in two levels of the product design based on the summarized definition and essential characteristics of LDI. Feasible areas of the product LDI are determined using a hybrid relational function model to identify the maturity of dominant technologies. The technologies are identified through the technical search and evaluation of the feasible area for innovation to form an initial LDI scheme. Then, the product function is optimized using the trimming concept of theory of inventive problem solving based on the characteristics of LDI. The final LDI scheme is formed and evaluated based on the essential characteristics of the product LDI. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified in the design of a new dropping pill machine.

关键词： low-end disruptive innovation product design design improvement theory of inventive problem solving TRIZ trimming

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Design of composite flywheel rotor

BAI Yue, GAO Qingjia, LI Haiwen, WU Yihui, XUAN Ming

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第3期页码 288-292 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0045-y

摘要： A design method for a flywheel rotor composed of a composite rim and a metal hub is proposed by studying the connection between the rotor and the driving machine. The influence of some factors such as the rotor material, configuration, connection, and fracture techniques on energy density is analyzed. The results show that the ratio of the inner radius to outer radius of the rim is the key factor, and is determined by the rim material. Optimizing the hub can further efficiently improve energy density. The composite flywheel rotor is produced and its rotation stress has been tested at the speed of 20 krpm. The emulation results are consistent with testing results, which proves that the introduced design method is useful.

关键词： introduced useful density composite driving machine

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Design and analysis of partially decoupled translational parallel mechanisms with single-loop structures

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0695-1

摘要： This study presents a family of novel translational parallel mechanisms (TPMs) with single-loop topological structures. The proposed mechanism consists of only revolute and prismatic joints. The novel TPMs are simpler in structure and have fewer joints and components than the well-known Delta Robot. Four types of 2-degree of freedom driving systems are applied to different limb structures to avoid the moving actuator that causes the problem of increased moving mass. Four sample TPMs are constructed using the synthesized limbs, and one of them is investigated in terms of kinematic performance. First, a position analysis is performed and validated through numerical simulation to reveal the characteristics of partially decoupled motion, which improves the controllability of TPM. Second, singular configurations are identified, and the resulting singularity curve is obtained. Lastly, the workspace of TPM is analyzed, and the relationship between the singular configurations and the reachable workspace is explored. The workspace of the 3-CRR (C denotes the cylindrical joint and R denotes the revolute joint) translational mechanism is also presented to prove that the proposed TPM has a fairly large workspace.

关键词： translational parallel mechanism single loop multiple driving system workspace analysis singularity

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Function and principle innovative design of mechanical products based on TRIZ/FA

YUAN Feng, WANG Tai-yong, NIE Hui-juan

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第3期页码 350-355 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0031-1

摘要： Function and principle innovation is the ultimate innovation of a product. To achieve Function and principle innovation design of mechanical products, a new process model of function and principle solving is proposed, based on TRI

关键词： TRI principle solving product principle innovation ultimate innovation

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设计创新对东方明珠和雅加达塔的贡献

江欢成

《中国工程科学》 1999年第1卷第1期页码 30-35

摘要：

东方明珠，塔高463.85m，高居亚洲之二，世界第三，被公认为是上海最重要的城市标志。雅加达塔，高558m，建筑面积32万m²，均堪称世界之最。东方明珠的成功，雅加达塔的中标，在很大程度上要归功于设计创新。东方明珠设计者用一串明珠来标志上海，用带斜撑的巨型空间框架作为主体结构，打破了混凝土电视塔常用的单筒体结构模式，从而获得了很好的标志性。这种结构同时很有利于抗风抗震。该塔还采用了许多高新技术，如预应力混凝土壳、双重悬挂钢结构和攀升天线等设计，它们巧妙而合理地解决了复杂的结构构造和高难度施工的问题。设计者在雅加达塔上，继承和发扬东方明珠的长处，克服它的不足，并赋予许多新的创造。为了使新的创造建立在坚实科学基础上，设计者为东方明珠塔进行了大量的试验研究工作。

关键词：创新电视塔空间框架斜撑球体钢桅杆悬挂结构

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创新设计竞争力战略研究

“创新设计竞争力研究”综合组

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第3期页码 100-110 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.03.015

摘要：

本文以我国从“制造大国”向“创造大国”转变的战略需求出发，阐述了在知识网络时代背景下，设计3.0的特征、趋势和价值，以及创新设计竞争力的内涵及要素；并以效益、设计能力和设计环境三项指标为基础，构建国家创新设计竞争力、城市创新设计竞争力和企业创新设计竞争力三位一体的设计竞争力评价体系，采用一些国家、城市和企业的数据样本分类开展试点评估，在此基础上总结得出提升我国创新设计竞争力的政策建议和具体措施。

关键词：设计3.0 创新设计设计竞争力

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Spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors for GHG emissions of aluminum industry in China

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 294-305 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0819-7

摘要： China’s aluminum (Al) production has released a huge amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As one of the biggest country of primary Al production, China must mitigate its overall GHG emission from its Al industry so that the national carbon neutrality target can be achieved. Under such a background, the study described in this paper conducts a dynamic material flow analysis to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution features of Al flows in China from 2000 to 2020. Decomposition analysis is also performed to uncover the driving factors of GHG emission generated from the Al industry. The major findings include the fact that China’s primary Al production center has transferred to the western region; the primary Al smelting and carbon anode consumption are the most carbon-intensive processes in the Al life cycle; the accumulative GHG emission from electricity accounts for 78.14% of the total GHG emission generated from the Al industry; China’s current Al recycling ratio is low although the corresponding GHG emission can be reduced by 93.73% if all the primary Al can be replaced by secondary Al; and the total GHG emission can be reduced by 88.58% if major primary Al manufacturing firms are transferred from Inner Mongolia to Yunnan. Based upon these findings and considering regional disparity, several policy implications are proposed, including promotion of secondary Al production, support of clean electricity penetration, and relocation of the Al industry.

关键词： aluminum material flow analysis GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions LMDI (logarithmic mean divisa index)

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泛曲线齿锥齿轮的创新设计与应用的二次开发

梁桂明

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第7期页码 70-78

摘要：

曲线齿锥齿轮和准双曲面齿轮（统称为“泛曲线齿锥齿轮”），是一种十分复杂而应用越来越广泛的传动装置。在设计上为了避免改变轴交角，而采用"零"变位传动（x₁+x₂=0）设计的齿形制，至今已在各国工业上通用近百年。文章介绍一种"非零"变位传动（x₁+x₂≠0）设计而又保持轴交角不变的创新齿形制。为了满足生产提出的要求，进行了二次开发。经过第二次创新，能在普通锥齿轮加工机床和刀具上切齿，故极易推广。近12年来，已成功地在工程机械、军品、立式机床、机车、船艇、油田、采煤、水泥等机械上采用，取得高综合强度、高可靠性、长寿命、小体积、低噪声、广泛适应性等优点，可取代（或覆盖）全部以美国Gleason为代表的零传动齿制设计的产品，还可实现某些Gleason所达不到的技术要求，故有广泛的应用前景。

关键词：曲线齿锥齿轮创新设计二次开发

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基于驾驶脑的智能驾驶车辆硬件平台架构 Article

李德毅,高洪波

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第4期页码 464-470 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.015

摘要：

不同智能驾驶试验平台的传感器型号、数量、安装位置各不相同，导致传感器信息处理模块也各不相同；不同驾驶地图，其提供信息的粒度也没有固定标准，由此构成的智能驾驶系统软件模块的数量、接口各不相同。基于以驾驶脑为核心的智能驾驶车辆软件与硬件架构，决策模块将不直接与传感器信息处理模块发生关联，通过驾驶认知的形式化语言，将驾驶认知形式化，由驾驶脑认知形成决策。驾驶认知的形式化降低了传感器数量、类型、安装位置的变化对整个软件架构的影响，使得软件架构可以在不同传感器配置车辆平台上方便地移植。

关键词：驾驶脑智能驾驶硬件平台架构

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Mechanism of self-excited torsional vibration of locomotive driving system

Jianxin LIU, Huaiyun ZHAO, Wanming ZHAI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第4期页码 465-469 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0115-9

摘要： A single wheelset drive model and 2-DOFs torsional vibration model were established to investigate the self-excited torsional vibration of a locomotive driving system. The simulation results indicate that the self-excited torsional vibration occurs when the steady slip velocity is located at the descending slope of the adhesion coefficient curve. The principle of energy conservation was used to analyze the mechanism of the self-excited vibration. The factors affecting on the amplitude of the self-excited vibration are studied.

关键词： locomotive driving system self-excited torsional vibration mechanism influence factor

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自动驾驶地图有关政策的思考和建议

刘经南,董杨,詹骄,高柯夫

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第3期页码 92-97 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.03.004

摘要：

自动驾驶地图作为实现汽车自动驾驶的关键基础设施，对于推动我国自动驾驶领域的商业化开发至关重要。现阶段，我国受地图测绘、应用和监管等相关法律法规的制度掣肘，在自动驾驶地图的产业化进程方面相对滞后。为此，本文着重分析了我国在自动驾驶地图开发、应用和管理中面临的主要政策法规问题：自动驾驶地图是否需加密的问题、自动驾驶地图部分地理信息表达受限的问题、自动驾驶地图地理信息采集资质和审图流程的问题、自动驾驶地图事故责任和保险问题、自动驾驶地图相关测试规范和测试场景问题。同时结合国内外自动驾驶领域的发展趋势，给出加快我国自动驾驶汽车开发和商业化进程的四点建议：制定自动驾驶地图管理模式、允许自动驾驶地图应用试点及有序开放、适当放开企业权限及优化审核流程、建立国家级自动驾驶地图平台。

关键词：自动驾驶地图自动驾驶法规自动驾驶政策